Many species of isopods dig into the substrate for better moisture retention and temperature regulation. It is hence important to ensure that the substrate contains the right amount of food source, aeration and weight.

Most isopod keepers use a combination of the following:

• • Coir / Coco Peat / Coconut Fibre
  • Peat Moss
  • Garden Soil
  • Vermiculite — for aeration and moisture retention
  • Perlite or Pumice — for aeration
  • Vermicast — base ammonia source to maintain bacteria levels
  • Leaves — food source
  • Rotting Wood — food source
  • Cuttlebone or Egg Shell Powder — calcium source

In general, we must achieve a light substrate that doesn’t compact easily but can still retain moisture well. Natural food sources in the substrate are important for burrowing species and sometimes for mancae as well.

On top of substrate composition, substrate depth is important as well. Just like how a bigger volume is better for aquariums, a thicker substrate is better for maintaining the stability of the following.

• Ammonia
• Moisture
• Space for burrowing